The M5 antibody reacts with human CD126 which is also known as the a subunit of the human IL-6 Receptor (IL-6Rα). The human IL-6Rais an 80 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein, also known as B cell stimulatory factor-2 (BSF-2) receptor and IL-6 receptor. The IL-6Rα subunit associates with the 130-160 kDa gp130 subunit (IL-6 receptor ß chain, CD130), that is shared with the receptors for Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF), Ciliary Neurotropic Factor (CNTF), Oncostatin M (OSM), IL-11, Cardiotropin 1 (CT-1) and possibly Neurotrophin-1/B Cell-Stimulating Factor 3 (NNT-1/BSF-3). The IL-6Rα chain binds IL-6 with low affinity, however the association with CD130 stabilizes the IL-6/IL-6Rα complex resulting in the formation of a high affinity complex. The IL-6R ßchain mediates signal transduction. IL-6Rα's are expressed at high levels by activated and EBV-transformed B cells, plasma cells and myeloma cells and at lower levels by most leucocytes, epithelial cells, fibroblasts, hepatocytes and neural cells. IL-6Rα exists in soluble form in human serum. The serum levels of soluble IL-6Rα appear to elevate in pathological situations such as multiple myeloma, Grave's disease, juvenile chronic arthritis and HIV. The immunogen used to generate the M5 hybridoma was a mixture of U266, XG-1 (human myeloma cell line expressing membrane IL-6R) and BWD41 cells (murine thymoma cell line transfected with cDNA encoding the extracellular part of IL-6Rα). Expression of cell surface IL-6R by human PBMC. Human PBMC isolated by density centrifugation (Ficoll-Paque™) were blocked with normal polyclonal human IgG and stained with M5 (0.5 μg, Cat No. 551462) followed by biotinylated rat anti-mouse IgG1 (0.06 μg, Cat . No. 553441) and streptavidin phycoerythrin (0.015 μg, Cat. No. 554061) in a three-layer staining protocol to amplify immunofluorescent signals. Staining with the M5 antibody (filled histograms) is compared to staining obtained using the isotype control antibody (open histograms). Histogram in figure is gated on the CD19 lymphocytes. Note: Certain human cell lines or cell types (e.g., neutrophils, monocytes) can first be treated with reagents that block receptors for the Fc regions of immunoglobulin to avoid nonspecific immunofluorescent staining mediated by Fc receptors (for example see Browning et al).
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