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Changes in cerebrospinal fluid levels of the RANKL/RANK/OPG axis are associated with multiple sclerosis, particularly at disease onset.
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Higher pre-diagnosis endogenous concentrations of the decoy receptor for RANKL, OPG, appear to increase risk of death after a breast cancer diagnosis especially in those diagnosed with ER+ disease.
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Meta-analysis demonstrates that A163G might be associated with the femoral hip and total hip bone mineral density (BMD), G1181C and T950C might be associated with the lumbar spine and total hip BMD. And, T245G has no effect on BMD in postmenopausal women.
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REVIEW: role of osteoprotegerin in the crosstalk between vessels and bone: circulating OPG levels could be used as independent biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in patients with acute or chronic cardiometabolic disease and thus an improved prognosis
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OPG is one promising susceptibility gene of bone mineral density or osteoporotic fractures.
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The concentration of circulating osteoprotegerin can be a biomarker for both medial artery calcification and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); OPG might be an early indicator of all-cause mortality in CKD patients with advanced medial arterial calcification
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We conclude that non-small cell lung cancer patients have a higher content of OPG in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid than healthy people.
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positive correlation of OPG with age and an inverse correlation with IGF-I favor the compensatory response of OPG against bone loss in the aging skeleton
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The results indicated that mice treated with low levels of human recombinant OPG may have a more stable aneurysmal phenotype due to compensatory production of collagen and increased vessel wall thickness of the aorta, potentially protecting the aneurysm from rupture.
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TNF-alpha, DKK1, and OPG have roles in pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis
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OPG mRNA expression was higher in tumour tissue from patients with metastatic prostate cancer compared to local disease. The RANKL/OPG ratio was low in normal prostate tissue and high in tumours with bone metastases. Expression was high in BPH tissue but did not exceed as much as in the tumour tissue.
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results of this study concluded that the RANK, RANK-L and OPG system participates in bone remodeling after RME
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In cardiovascular risks, OPG serum level might increase as a preventive compensatory mechanism to neutralize the RANKL level increment. The determination of the OPG-RANKL system is a diagnostic indicator for the intensity of vascular calcification and atherosclerosis in SSc patients.
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Demonstrate that rs3134069 in TNFRSF11B increases risk of ischemic stroke by decreasing TNFRSF11B expression.
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sRANKL and OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as metabolic disturbance
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The study revealed an enhanced sensitivity of aortic valve interstitial cells to osteogenic inductors in aortic stenosis patients, which indicates probable implication of OPN, OPG, and BMP2 genes in pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification.
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Patients with metabolic syndrome have increased osteoprotegerin serum levels than healthy individuals; osteoprotegerin plays an important role in the development of arteriosclerosis, and the effect of osteoprotegerin on intima media thickness strongly depends on the extent of arteriosclerotic changes in metabolic syndrome
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In African-Americans, higher OPG levels were associated with characteristics common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and were significantly associated with known precursors to HFpEF.
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rs2073618 not associated with bone mineral density
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TRACP-5b level is significantly associated with the OPG level and with the severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis in coronary artery disease patients