Western Blot: 1/500 - 1/1000. Immunohistochemistry: 1/50 - 1/200. Other applications not tested. Optimal dilutions are dependent on conditions and should be determined by the user.
Eukaryotic gene transcription is regulated by sequencespecific transcription factors that bind modular cis acting promoter and enhancer elements. The ATF/ CREB transcription factor family binds the palindromic cAMP response element (CRE) octanucleotide TGACGTCA. The ATF/CREB family includes CREB-1, CREB-2 (also designated ATF-4), ATF-1, ATF-2 and ATF-3. This family of proteins contain highly divergent N-terminal domains, but share a C-terminal leucine zipper for dimerization and DNA binding. ATF-1 is shown to play a key role in the induction of NOX1, this protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) and mediates PKAinduced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes. ATF-2 forms homodimers and heterodimers with c-Jun to initiate CREdependent transcription. Phosphorylation of ATF-2 at Thr 69 and Thr 71 by stress-activated kinases is necessary for transcriptional activation. Myc also induces phosphorylation of ATF-2 at Thr 69 and Thr 71 to prolong the half-life of ATF-2. ATF-2 functions as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and acetylates Histones H2B and H4 specifically in vitro.Synonyms: ATF-1, Activating transcription factor 1, Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1, Protein TREB36, cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1