DOG1 (Discovered on GIST1), also known as TMEM16A and ANO1, has emerged in recent years as a promising biomarker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). It was originally discovered through microarray expression profiling analysis as a gene that is highly expressed in GIST, and subsequent immunohistochemical studies have shown its use in its diagnosis. DOG1 antibodies are more sensitive than KIT antibodies in detecting tumors of gastric origin, tumors with epithelioid morphology, and tumors harboring PDGFRA mutation. DOG1 immunoreactivity is rarely observed in other mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal tumor types. These results support the use of DOG1 as a biomarker for GIST.
Anoctamin 1, ANO1 Calcium activated chloride channel Discovered on gastrointestinal stromal tumors protein 1 Oral cancer overexpressed protein 2, ORAOV2 Transmembrane protein 16A, TMEM16A Tumor-amplified and overexpressed sequence 2, TAOS2 Gene name : ANO1