Cytochrome C Proteine (CYCS)

Human Cytochrome C, Somatic (CYCS) Interaktionspartner

1. This work reveals a direct conformational link between the 40-57 Omega-loop of cytochrome c in which residue 41 resides and the dynamical properties of the axial ligand to the heme iron.

2. The naturally occurring Y48H variant of cytochrome c in its oxidized heme state is more peroxidatic than either the Wild Type protein or the G41S variant that is also implicated in thrombocytopenia.

3. ROCK activation phosphorylated Rac1b (zeige RAC3 Proteine) at Ser71 and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS (zeige ROS1 Proteine)) levels by facilitating the interaction between Rac1b (zeige RAC3 Proteine) and cytochrome c. Conversely, ROCK inactivation abolished their interaction, concomitant with ROS (zeige ROS1 Proteine) reduction.

4. Data suggest that although HCCS (zeige HCCS Proteine) mediates heme attachment to N-terminal cysteine in heme-attachment site (CXXXH) of cytochrome C variants, up to 50% of cytochrome C produced is modified in an oxygen-dependent manner, resulting in a mixed population of cytochrome c. [HCCS (zeige HCCS Proteine) = holocytochrome c synthase (zeige HCCS Proteine)]

5. Data suggest that the stronger effect of K72A mutation on the peroxidase activity of human versus yeast cytochrome c results from relief of steric interactions between side chains at positions 72 and 81 (Ile in human vs Ala in yeast), which suppresses the dynamics of omega-loop D necessary for the intrinsic peroxidase activity of cytochrome c.

6. These findings establish a framework for understanding the molecular basis of cytochrome c-mediated blocking of SET/TAF-Ibeta.

7. Monitoring of serum cytochrome c might also serve as a sensitive apoptotic marker in vivo reflecting chemotherapy-induced cell death burden in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

8. G-Rh2 (zeige RHAG Proteine) causes rapid and dramatic translocation of both Bak (zeige BAK1 Proteine) and Bax (zeige BAX Proteine), which subsequently triggers mitochondrial cytochrome c release and consequent caspase (zeige CASP3 Proteine) activation.

9. The mitochondrial metalloprotease OMA1 (zeige OMA1 Proteine) was activated in a Bax (zeige BAX Proteine)- and Bak (zeige BAK1 Proteine)-dependent fashion.

10. In vitro ultrastructural changes of MCF-7 for metastasise bone cancer and induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial cytochrome C released by CaCO3/Dox nanocrystals

Pig (Porcine) Cytochrome C, Somatic (CYCS) Interaktionspartner

1. Results suggest that excess or restricted protein supply during pregnancy alters expression of CYCS and leads to hypomethylation of CpG sites in promoter in liver of offspring. (5' flanking region: amino acid sequence; nucleic acid sequence homology)

2. Tissue expression profile analysis revealed that swine CYCS gene was highly expressed in muscle, fat and lung, moderately expressed in ovary, kidney, and liver, and weekly expressed in heart, spleen and small intestine.

Horse (Equine) Cytochrome C, Somatic (CYCS) Interaktionspartner

1. Using mass spectrometry, this study demonstrates the occurrence of cytochrome c self-oxidation in the presence of H2O2. The newly generated oxidized proteoforms are shown to possess significantly enhanced peroxidase activity.

2. Cytochrome c undergoes large structural fluctuations, using the interacting regions with cytochrome c oxidase as a fulcrum.

3. Data suggest that ferric forms of variants of cytochrome c (wild type, T49V mutation, and Y67R/M80A mutations) are Lysine-ligated at neutral pH; hydrogen-bonding network appears to be important in controlling ligation of the native Met80 to the heme iron.

4. analysis of CO photo-dissociation from chloramine-T modified horse heart cytochrome-c

5. The effect of pH on thermodynamic stability and folding kinetics of horse cytochrome c has been described.

6. The cardiolipin binding and the peroxidase activity of cytochrome c depend on conformational heterogeneity and oligomerization.

7. The data suggest a two-step process of thermal unfolding of cytochrome c for all protonation states.

8. The study shows that cardiolipin modulates allosterically the nitrite reductase activity of horse heart cytochrome c.

9. Horse Cc binds CcP (zeige CRYGD Proteine) but forms a much more dynamic complex. A single conservative mutation of Lys (zeige LYZ Proteine)-13 to ARG reduces the dynamics and enhances the specificity. The K13A mutation of Cc increases the dynamic nature of the complex with CcP (zeige CRYGD Proteine).

10. X-ray crystallographic evidence for functional models of horse cytochrome c.

Cow (Bovine) Cytochrome C, Somatic (CYCS) Interaktionspartner

1. This study determines the apoptosis process mediated by cytochrome c after its release from mitochondria and the factors that affect the activation processes.

2. Data using ribose 5-P suggest that glycation of cyt c (at lysines in ATP binding site) results in cyto c being less able to transfer electrons to cytochrome oxidase and in reduced affinity of cyt c for cardiolipin-containing liposomes.

3. The presence of structural collective motions on a picosecond timescale for the heme protein, cytochrome c, as a function of oxidation and hydration, was investigated.

4. peroxidase activity shown by cardiolipin-bound cytochrome c is indicative of a less packed protein tertiary conformation in the complex

Mouse (Murine) Cytochrome C, Somatic (CYCS) Interaktionspartner

1. the amount of cytochrome c in lymphomyeloid cells does not affect their development and normal functioning

2. Abeta (zeige APP Proteine) oligomers bind to BAK (zeige BAK1 Proteine) on the membrane and induce apoptotic BAK (zeige BAK1 Proteine) pores and cytochrome c release

3. Data suggest that peroxidase activation of cytochrome c may induce apoptosis and contribute to anti-cancer properties of alpha-tocopherol succinate.

4. Data indicate that mitochondrial alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7 nAChRs) regulate cytochrome c (cyt c) release by engaging intramitochondrial protein kinases.

5. Data indicate that Y48H missense mutation of cytochrome c (CYCS) gene is associated with respiratory reduction and increased apoptosis in fibroblast.

6. Translocation of a Bak (zeige BAK1 Proteine) C-terminus mutant from cytosol to mitochondria to mediate cytochrome C release: implications for Bak (zeige BAK1 Proteine) and Bax (zeige BAX Proteine) apoptotic function.

7. mitochondrial import and direct electron transfer from cytochrome c to Rac1 modulates mitochondrial H(2)O(2) production in alveolar macrophages pulmonary fibrosis.

8. Fluoride exposure significantly elevated the protein expressions of cytochrome c and active caspase-3 (zeige CASP3 Proteine).

9. Resveratrol induces p53 (zeige TP53 Proteine)-independent, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP (zeige XIAP Proteine))-mediated Bax (zeige BAX Proteine) protein oligomerization on mitochondria to initiate cytochrome c release and caspase (zeige CASP3 Proteine) activation.

10. High concentration glucose administration caused significantly increased expression of NF-kappaB (zeige NFKB1 Proteine), Bax (zeige BAX Proteine) and cytochrome C.