VlsE Antikörper

Produktnummer ABIN964726

Produktdetails

Target: VlsE

Reaktivität: Borrelia burgdorferi

Wirt: Kaninchen

Klonalität: Polyklonal

Applikation: ELISA, Lateral Flow (LF), Western Blotting (WB)

Spezifität: This product was Protein-A purified and cross-adsorbed against MBP from monospecific antiserum by chromatography. This antibody is specific for Borrelia burgdorferi VlsE protein. A BLAST analysis was used to suggest reactivity with VlsE from B. burgdorferi sources based on 100% homology with the immunizing sequence. Cross-reactivity with VlsE from other sources has not been determined.

Produktmerkmale: Variable Lipoprotein Surface-Exposed protein, or VlsE, is a lipoprotein on the surface of the Lyme Disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, detectable during all its life stages. It can exist as many different isoforms. VlsE has variable regions (VRs) and invariable regions (IRs). Some IRs are anchored in the outer membrane of the bacteria and some are antigens exposed on the membrane surface. Replacement of the VR by Borrelia within days of being transferred to a mammalian host presents new surface antigens to the host immune system, and helps Borrelia avoid a strong reaction by host immune systems. The VlsE is apparently not modified as much in the tick or in the rodent vector, when compared to in the mammal host. Several putative envelope proteins of B. burgdorferi appear to be expressed only in the infected mammalian host. The VRs are antigenic, irregularly shaped loops on the bacterial surface which may help to hide both membrane-incorporated and surface portions of adjacent proteins from immune cells. These VR loops are coded by antigenic cassettes. The protein loops can therefore be switched in or out of the protein, or different type loops traded. In B. burgdorferi there seem to be at least fifteen different VlsE cassettes that can insert into any of the variable regions of VlsE, allowing it to appear as millions of different antigens. Similar, but smaller, systems also operate for OSP-A, OSP-B, OSP-C, and other proteins. Some current research involves determination of control of cassette activation. One IR region, C6, of the VlsE protein, consistently stimulates a strong immune response. Its presentation may be a decoy that misdirects the immune system from less protected sites by causing competion for binding antibodies. The bound antibodies are thus not available for binding important therapeutic proteins. This may help Borrelia to enter T-cells, leading to their destruction. Because IR6 is invariable and found in all life stages of B. burgdorferi, it has been used in an ELISA diagnostic test for early IgM of Lyme Disease.

Sterilität: Sterile filtered

Immunogen: MBP recombinant protein corresponding to Borrelia burgdorferi VlsE protein.
Immunogen Type: RecombinantProtein

Isotyp: IgG

Anwendungsinformationen

Applikationshinweise: Anti-VlsE antibody has been tested in ELISA and Western Blot. Specific conditions for reactivity should be optimized by the end user. Expect a band at ~36.3 kDa in size corresponding to VlsE by Western blotting in the appropriate cell lysate or extract.

Kommentare:

100 µg variant is lyophilized
25 µL variant is liquid (steril filtered)

Beschränkungen: Nur für Forschungszwecke einsetzbar

Handhabung

Format: Lyophilized or Liquid

Rekonstitution: Restore 100 µg with 100 µL deionized water (or equivalent)

Konzentration: 1.0 mg/mL

Buffer: 0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2, 0.01% Sodium azide

Konservierungsmittel: Sodium azide

Vorsichtsmaßnahmen: This product contains sodium azide: a POISONOUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE which should be handled by trained staff only.

Lagerung: 4 °C/-20 °C

Informationen zur Lagerung: Store vial at 4 °C prior to restoration. For extended storage aliquot contents and freeze at -20 °C or below. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing. Centrifuge product if not completely clear after standing at room temperature. This product is stable for several weeks at 4 °C as an undiluted liquid. Dilute only prior to immediate use. Expiration date is one (1) year from date of opening.

Haltbarkeit: 12 months

Antigendetails

Target: VlsE

Hintergrund: Variable Lipoprotein Surface-Exposed protein, or VlsE, is a lipoprotein on the surface of the Lyme Disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, detectable during all its life stages. It can exist as many different isoforms. VlsE has variable regions (VRs) and invariable regions (IRs). Some IRs are anchored in the outer membrane of the bacteria and some are antigens exposed on the membrane surface. Replacement of the VR by Borrelia within days of being transferred to a mammalian host presents new surface antigens to the host immune system, and helps Borrelia avoid a strong reaction by host immune systems. The VlsE is apparently not modified as much in the tick or in the rodent vector, when compared to in the mammal host. Several putative envelope proteins of B. burgdorferi appear to be expressed only in the infected mammalian host. The VRs are antigenic, irregularly shaped loops on the bacterial surface which may help to hide both membrane-incorporated and surface portions of adjacent proteins from immune cells. These VR loops are coded by antigenic cassettes. The protein loops can therefore be switched in or out of the protein, or different type loops traded. In B. burgdorferi there seem to be at least fifteen different VlsE cassettes that can insert into any of the variable regions of VlsE, allowing it to appear as millions of different antigens. Similar, but smaller, systems also operate for OSP-A, OSP-B, OSP-C, and other proteins. Some current research involves determination of control of cassette activation. One IR region, C6, of the VlsE protein, consistently stimulates a strong immune response. Its presentation may be a decoy that misdirects the immune system from less protected sites by causing competion for binding antibodies. The bound antibodies are thus not available for binding important therapeutic proteins. This may help Borrelia to enter T-cells, leading to their destruction. Because IR6 is invariable and found in all life stages of B. burgdorferi, it has been used in an ELISA diagnostic test for early IgM of Lyme Disease.
Synonyms: Outer surface protein VlsE, Borrelia burgdorferi VlsE, vlsE protein

Gen-ID: 1194357

UniProt: Q5DVG3