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cAMP, PKA, and GSK3 are interrelated in regulation of sperm function.
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Testis and sperm are unique in their specific requirement of GSK3alpha for normal function and male fertility.
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our data describe GSK3 as a novel negative regulator of beta-adrenergic signaling in brown adipocytes.
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Findings using a mouse model with genetic deletion of Akt3 demonstrate that the specific isoform Akt3 throughout the Akt3/GSK-3 pathway is involved during motor learning.
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GSK-3 plays a significant role in astrocyte development and behavioral control in mice.
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Data suggest that, in embryonic stem cells, Gsk3b/Gsk3a phosphorylate splicing factors (Rbm8a, Srsf9, and Psf) and nucleolar proteins (Npm1 and Phf6); Gsk3b/Gsk3a are key to alternative splicing of close to 190 genes. (Gsk3 = glycogen synthase kinase-3; Rbm8a = RNA binding motif protein 8a; Srsf9 = splicing factor, arginine-serine-rich 9; Psf = replication protein Psf; Npm1 = nucleophosmin 1; Phf6 = PHD finger protein 6)
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GSK3 is regulated through mechanisms independent of N-terminal serine phosphorylation in order for beta-catenin to be stabilized.
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The expression of PI3K-insensitive GSK3 stimulates the production of adiponectin and protects from diet-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Cardiac myocyte GSK-3a is required to maintain normal cardiac homeostasis and loss leads to severe fatal dilated cardiomyopathy.
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reveals that GSK-3alpha- and GSK-3beta-regulated pathways can be responsible for stepwise transition to myelodysplastic syndromes and subsequent acute myeloid leukemia
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Gsk3 play a role in the maintenance of DNA methylation at a majority of the imprinted loci in embryonic stem cells
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Sperm GSK3A is essential for male fertility.
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The absence of oocyte GSK3 isoforms in the periconceptional period does not alter fertility yet causes offspring cardiac hyperplasia, cardiovascular defects, and significant neonatal death.
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results support the model that GSK3 activity status is regulated by the circadian clock and that GSK3 feeds back to regulate the molecular clock amplitude in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
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Gsk3-deleted neurons expressing upper layer markers exhibited striking migration failure in all areas of the cortex.
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PI3K/AKT-mediated inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 limits the regenerative outcome after peripheral nerve injury.
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double-knockout embryonic stem cells, as well as GSK-3beta(-/-) mouse embryonic fibroblast cells in which GSK-3alpha was knocked down to demonstrate that both isoforms of GSK-3, GSK-3alpha and GSK-3beta, are required for antiviral immune response.
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ER stress-PERK-GSK3alpha/beta signaling promotes proatherogenic macrophage lipid accumulation
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The two isoforms of GSK-3 are essential integrators of multiple developmental signals that act to maintain normal mammary gland function and suppress tumorigenesis.
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identify a key role for GSK3 alpha and beta in the regulation of sperm maturation and acrosomal exocytosis