beta-Catenin (CTNNB1) Antikörper

Antigen: beta-Catenin (CTNNB1)

Synonyme: CTNNB, FLJ25606, FLJ37923, DKFZp686D02253, Mesc, Catnb, ctnnb, id:ibd2058, wu:fb73e10, wu:fi81c06, wu:fk25h01, ARM, Beta-cat, Beta-catenin, EG:86E4.6, beta-cat-arm, l(1)2Bv, l(1)G0192, l(1)G0234, l(1)G0410, l(1)arm, t12687 ALR Dm, DmelCG11579, CG11579, beta-catenin, ctnnb1, MGC79992, MGC132060, Cibeta-catenin, CTNNB1, MGC52601, LOC576711, Ctnnb1, MGC139922

Klonalität: Monoklonal (Beta-Catenin-1)

Wirt: Maus

Reaktivität: Human

Applikation: Immunhistochemie (Paraffinschnitte) (IHC (p))

Zertifikate: ISO 9001:2008, ISO 13485:2003

Anbieter: Dako

Produktnummer: ABIN370639

Produktbeschreibung

Weitere Bezeichnung: Beta-Catenin

Immunogen: Recombinant C-terminal beta -catenin-GST fusion protein 1 Immunogène : Protéine de fusion recombinante GST-partie C-terminale de la beta -caténine 1 Rekombinantes C-terminales beta -Catenin-GST Fusionsprotein 1 Isotype/Isotyp: IgG 1 , kappa

Klon: Beta-Catenin-1

Beschreibung: The catenins are structurally related cytoplasmic proteins which have been classified as alpha ( alpha ), beta ( beta ), and gamma ( gamma ) according to their electrophoretic mobility. 2,3 The beta -catenin gene is located on chromosome region 3p21 and encodes a 88 kD protein. 2,3 This cytoplasmic protein is multi-functional, playing an essential role in the cadherin-mediated anchoring and organization of the cytoskeleton. 2 Beta-catenin is also involved in regulation of gene expression as a mediator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Cellular beta -catenin levels are tightly regulated by a multi-protein complex comprised of serine/threonine kinase GSK3 beta , the APC tumor suppressor gene product and axin, which facilitates phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of the beta -catenin protein. Dysregulation of beta -catenin degradation leads to cytoplasmic accumulation of the protein, followed by translocation to the nucleus. Nuclear beta -catenin forms complexes with DNA binding proteins such as TCF and LEF, activating gene transcription. 4 Specificity Introduction

Spezifität: Anti-beta-catenin, clone beta -catenin-1 recognized human beta -catenin protein in Western blots of human epithelial A431 cells and mouse beta -catenin in blots of mouse fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells. No cross-reactivity with alpha and gamma -catenin was observed. 1 provided

Synonyme: CTNNB, FLJ25606, FLJ37923, DKFZp686D02253, Mesc, Catnb, ctnnb, id:ibd2058, wu:fb73e10, wu:fi81c06, wu:fk25h01, ARM, Beta-cat, Beta-catenin, EG:86E4.6, beta-cat-arm, l(1)2Bv, l(1)G0192, l(1)G0234, l(1)G0410, l(1)arm, t12687 ALR Dm, DmelCG11579, CG11579, beta-catenin, ctnnb1, MGC79992, MGC132060, Cibeta-catenin, CTNNB1, MGC52601, LOC576711, Ctnnb1, MGC139922

Anwendungen

Applikationshinweise: DakoCytomation Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Beta-Catenin, Paraffin Sections Anti-beta-catenin, beta -catenin-1 can be used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The deparaffinized tissue sections must be treated with heat prior to the IHC staining procedure. Target retrieval involves immersion of tissue sections in a pre-heated buffer solution and maintaining heat, either in a water bath (95-99 °C) or in a steamer (95-99 °C). F or greater adherence of tissue sections to glass slides, the use of silanized slides (DakoCytomation code S3003) is recommended. Target Retrieval Solution (code S1700) or 10x Concentrate (code S1699) is recommended using a 20-minute heating protocol. Cryostat Sections And Cell Smears Anti-beta-catenin, beta -catenin-1 can be used for labelling acetone-fixed cryostat sections or fixed cell smears. Target or antigen retrieval is not required. Follow the recommended procedure for the detection system selected. Staining interpretation The cellular staining pattern of anti-beta-catenin is mainly membranous, especially at the cell-cell boundaries. Positive nuclear staining and diffuse cytoplasmic staining have been reported in cancer cells. 7-16 Normal tissues Beta-catenin expression has been demonstrated in the membrane of normal epithelium. In normal urothelium, expression was found to be uniformly strong at the intercellular borders. More pronounced staining was observed at the apical junctional complexes of the superficial cell layer, whereas there was no expression at the luminal membrane and parts of the cells in contact with the basement membrane (frozen and paraffin). 17-19 In normal breast epithelium, normal ductal cells of breast within the lobular units stain in a peripheral and cytoplasmic pattern. 7 In normal mammary ducts and acini, beta -catenin strongly localized to the basolateral surfaces of luminal epithelium, weak immunostaining was observed at lateral borders of myoepithelial cells (paraffin). 20 In normal colonic mucosa, beta -catenin immunoreactivity was observed along the intercellular borders of all epithelial cells, no immunoreactivity was seen at the basal side facing the basement membrane or at the luminal cell border (frozen and paraffin). 8,9,15,21 In normal esophageal epithelium, staining was uniformly positive at the cell-cell boundaries (frozen and paraffin). 13,15,22 Expression of beta -catenin, although present everywhere except in parakeratinized cells of normal esophageal epithelium, was more marked in the prickle cell layer than in the basal and parabasal layers. 22 In gastric epithelium, beta -catenin immunoreactivity was in a membranous distribution throughout the epithelium of gastric crypts and glands, with increased intensity in deeper parts of antral, body, and cardiac glands. 10,15 Cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in normal gastric mucosal epithelium has also been observed (paraffin). 10 Normal thyroid follicular cells showed immunoreactivity mainly at cell-cell contacts, with the cytoplasm being weakly reactive (paraffin ). 16 Weak membrane-localized immunoreactivity has also been observed in endothelial cells, muscle cells, and neurons (paraffin). 10,18 Abnormal cells Beta-catenin expression has been demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in a variety of tumors. Neoplasms which have demonstrated positive immunoreactivity for beta -catenin include bladder transitional cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma and adenomas, breast adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, primary squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, stomach adenocarcinoma, ovarian carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma. 7-24 In some studies abnormal beta -catenin expression (weak, low percent positive cells or nuclear and/or cytoplasmic localization) has been associated with clinicopathological features such as high histological grade and metastasis. 13,17,18,22 (112119-002) 304363EFG_100104 p. 3/8

Buffer: Anti-beta-catenin, beta -catenin-1 is provided in 1.0 mL size as tissue culture supernatant (containing fetal bovine serum) dialyzed against 0.05 mol/L Tris-HCl, pH 7.2, and 0.015 mol/L sodium azide. M3539 may be used at a dilution of 1:200 when performin

Lagerung: Store at 2-8 °C. Precautions: 1. For professional users. 2. This product contains sodium azide (NaN 3 ), a chemical highly toxic in pure form. At product concentrations, though not classified as hazardous, build-ups of NaN 3 may react with lead and copper plumbing to form highly explosive metal azides. Upon disposal, flush with large volumes of water to prevent azide build-up in plumbing. 5 3. Minimize microbial contamination of reagents or increase in nonspecific staining may occur. 4. As with any product derived from biological sources, proper handling procedures should be used. 5. Wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment to avoid contact with eyes and skin. 6. Unused solution should be disposed of according to local, State and Federal regulations.

Beschränkungen: Für Forschungszwecke. Als CE-zertifizierter Antikörper in der Europäischen Union für In Vitro Diagnostik (IVD) zugelassen.

Publikationen

Publikationen: Hla, Neilson: "Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA." in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 89, Issue 16, pp. 7384-8, 1992 (PubMed).

Sano, Kawahito, Wilder et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in human colorectal cancer." in: Cancer research, Vol. 55, Issue 17, pp. 3785-9, 1995 (PubMed).

Crueminon, Habib, Maclouf et al.: "Differential measurement of constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) cyclooxygenase expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells using specific immunometric enzyme immunoassays." in: Biochimica et biophysica acta, Vol. 1254, Issue 3, pp. 341-8, 1995 (PubMed).

Habib, Crueminon, Frobert et al.: "Demonstration of an inducible cyclooxygenase in human endothelial cells using antibodies raised against the carboxyl-terminal region of the cyclooxygenase-2." in: The Journal of biological chemistry, Vol. 268, Issue 31, pp. 23448-54, 1993 (PubMed).

Zimmermann, Sarbia, Weber et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human esophageal carcinoma." in: Cancer research, Vol. 59, Issue 1, pp. 198-204, 1999 (PubMed).

Tucker, Dannenberg, Yang et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in human pancreatic cancer." in: Cancer research, Vol. 59, Issue 5, pp. 987-90, 1999 (PubMed).

Chan, Boyle, Yang et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-2 expression is up-regulated in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck." in: Cancer research, Vol. 59, Issue 5, pp. 991-4, 1999 (PubMed).

Achiwa, Yatabe, Hida et al.: "Prognostic significance of elevated cyclooxygenase 2 expression in primary, resected lung adenocarcinomas." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 5, Issue 5, pp. 1001-5, 1999 (PubMed).

Okami, Yamamoto, Fujiwara et al.: "Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinoma of the pancreas." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 5, Issue 8, pp. 2018-24, 1999 (PubMed).

Sheehan, Sheahan, ODonoghue et al.: "The relationship between cyclooxygenase-2 expression and colorectal cancer." in: JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 282, Issue 13, pp. 1254-7, 1999 (PubMed).

Mohammed, Knapp, Bostwick et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in human invasive transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder." in: Cancer research, Vol. 59, Issue 22, pp. 5647-50, 1999 (PubMed).

Lim, Joo, Choi et al.: "Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein in human gastric carcinoma." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 6, Issue 2, pp. 519-25, 2000 (PubMed).

Masferrer, Leahy, Koki et al.: "Antiangiogenic and antitumor activities of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors." in: Cancer research, Vol. 60, Issue 5, pp. 1306-11, 2000 (PubMed).

Kirschenbaum, Klausner, Lee et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in the human prostate." in: Urology, Vol. 56, Issue 4, pp. 671-6, 2000 (PubMed).

Hosomi, Yokose, Hirose et al.: "Increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression occurs frequently in precursor lesions of human adenocarcinoma of the lung." in: Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), Vol. 30, Issue 2, pp. 73-81, 2000 (PubMed).

Denkert, Koebel, Berger et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in human malignant melanoma." in: Cancer research, Vol. 61, Issue 1, pp. 303-8, 2001 (PubMed).

Shirahama, Sakakura: "Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp. 558-61, 2001 (PubMed).

Bae, Jung, Park et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in hepatocellular carcinoma and growth inhibition of hepatoma cell lines by a COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 7, Issue 5, pp. 1410-8, 2001 (PubMed).

Shono, Tofilon, Bruner et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human gliomas: prognostic significance and molecular correlations." in: Cancer research, Vol. 61, Issue 11, pp. 4375-81, 2001 (PubMed).

Salmenkivi, Haglund, Ristimaeki et al.: "Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in malignant pheochromocytomas." in: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, Vol. 86, Issue 11, pp. 5615-9, 2001 (PubMed).

Denkert, Koebel, Pest et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 is an independent prognostic factor in human ovarian carcinoma." in: The American journal of pathology, Vol. 160, Issue 3, pp. 893-903, 2002 (PubMed).

Half, Tang, Gwyn et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human breast cancers and adjacent ductal carcinoma in situ." in: Cancer research, Vol. 62, Issue 6, pp. 1676-81, 2002 (PubMed).

Stratton, Alberts: "Current application of selective COX-2 inhibitors in cancer prevention and treatment." in: Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.), Vol. 16, Issue 5 Suppl 4, pp. 37-51, 2002 (PubMed).

Miyata, Koga, Kanda et al.: "Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in renal cell carcinoma: correlation with tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, and survival." in: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, Vol. 9, Issue 5, pp. 1741-9, 2003 (PubMed).

Hase, Yoshimura, Matsuyama et al.: "Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in human testicular tumours." in: European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), Vol. 39, Issue 14, pp. 2043-9, 2003 (PubMed).

Spee, Carpino, Schotanus et al.: "Characterisation of the liver progenitor cell niche in liver diseases: potential involvement of Wnt and Notch signalling." in: Gut, Vol. 59, Issue 2, pp. 247-57, 2010 (PubMed).