Amyloid A Antikörper

Antigen: Amyloid A

Klonalität: Monoklonal (Mc1 (4-5))

Wirt: Maus

Reaktivität: Human

Applikation: Immunhistochemie (Paraffinschnitte) (IHC (p))

Zertifikate: ISO 9001:2008, ISO 13485:2003

Anbieter: Dako

Produktnummer: ABIN370581

Produktbeschreibung

Immunogen: An equal mixture of human amyloid A coupled to horseradish peroxidase and human amyloid A coupled to high molecular weight kininogen (5).

Isotyp: IgG2a, kappa chain  (Passende Sekundärantikörper)

Klon: Mc1 (4-5)

Beschreibung: Amyloidosis is a group of diseases that have in common the extracellular deposition of fibrillar proteins with a specific biochemical conformation known as beta-pleated sheets. Approximately 20 different precursor proteins that may be deposited as amyloid fibrils have been identified (3). Amyloid proteins deposited in the tissues can be identified by Congo Red staining, and chemically classified via amino acid sequence studies, by immunochemistry, or via immunocytochemistry (1). Amyloid A (AA) is an extracellular deposited insoluble fibrillar protein, highly resistant to proteolytic degradation, and produced from the precursor protein, serum amyloid A (SAA) (3). Before the therapy of a suspected amyloid disease can be planned, both the presence of amyloid and its chemical origin must be known (2).

Spezifität: In micro-ELISA, the antibody reacts with amyloid A and the serum precursor of amyloid A indicating cross-reactivity among amyloid A protein and the serum precursor of amyloid A. In contrast, no reactivity to other non-AA amyloid fibril proteins or human serum proteins, such as albumin, transferrin, and IgG is seen (4, 5). In immunocytochemistry, the antibody labels tissues from AA patients, but shows no reactivity with a host of unknown antigens in tissue sections of various organs (5), nor with amyloid types A κ, Aλ, and amyloid fibril proteins in familial amyloid polyneuropathy and senile cardiovascular amyloidosis, respectively. Neither are Alzheimer’s amyloid plaques, amyloid in microangiopathy, lichen amyloidosis, and senile islets of Langerhans labelled by the antibody (5-7).

Anwendungen

Applikationshinweise: Paraffin sections: The antibody can be used for labelling paraffin-embedded tissue sections fixed in formalin. Pre-treatment of tissues with proteinase K or heat-induced epitope retrieval is recommended. For heat-induced epitope retrieval, optimal results are obtained with DakoCytomation Target Retrieval Solution, code No. S 1700, DakoCytomation Target Retrieval Solution, High pH, code No. S 3308, 10 mmol/L citrate buffer, pH 6.0, or 10 mmol/L Tris buffer, 1 mmol/L EDTA, pH 9.0. The tissue sections should not dry out during the treatment or during the following immunocytochemical staining procedure. Frozen sections and cell preparations: The antibody can be used for labelling frozen sections (5). Dilution: Monoclonal Mouse Anti-Human Amyloid A, code No. M 0759, may be used at a dilution range of 1:50-1:100 when applied on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of human kidney from a patient with amyloidosis A and using 20 minutes heat-induced epitope retrieval in DakoCytomation Target Retrieval Solution, code No. S 1700, and 30 minutes incubation at room temperature with the primary antibody. Optimal conditions may vary depending on specimen and preparation method, and should be determined by each individual laboratory. The recommended negative control is DakoCytomation Mouse IgG2a, code No. X 0943, diluted to the same mouse IgG concentration as the primary antibody. Unless the stability of the diluted antibody and negative control has been established in the actual staining procedure, it is recommended to dilute these reagents immediately before use, or dilute in DakoCytomation Antibody Diluent, code No. S 0809. Positive and negative controls should be run simultaneously with patient specimen. Visualization: DAKO LSAB/HRP kit, code No. K 0679, and DAKO EnVision/HRP kits, code Nos. K 4004 and K 4006, are recommended. For frozen sections and cell preparations, the DakoCytomation APAAP kit, code No. K 0670, is a good alternative if endogenous peroxidase staining is a concern. Follow the procedure enclosed with the selected visualization kit. Automation: The antibody is well-suited for immunocytochemical staining using automated platforms, such as the DakoCytomation Autostainer. Product-specific limitations Amyloid A labelled by the antibody has an extracellular localization in the majority of cases. Normal tissues: The antibody does not label normal tissue (5). Abnormal tissues: The antibody labelled amyloid A in renal and rectal biopsies of patients with inflammatory pediatric disease (1). Tissues from patients with a clinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, sporadic Muckle-Wells syndrome, idiopathic polyneuritis, idiopathic amyloidosis, familial Mediterranian fever, and Still's syndrome were also labelled (5). Cross-reactivity with the serum precursor of amyloid A has been observed (5, 6).

Buffer: Monoclonal mouse antibody provided in liquid form as cell culture supernatant dialysed against 0.05 mol/L Tris/HCL, pH 7.2, and containing 15 mmol/L NaN 3 .

Lagerung: Store at 2-8 °C. Precautions: 1. For professional users. 2. This product contains sodium azide (NaN 3 ), a chemical highly toxic in pure form. At product concentrations, though not classified as hazardous, sodium azide may react with lead and copper plumbing to form highly explosive build-ups of metal azides. Upon disposal, flush with large volumes of water to prevent metal azide build-up in plumbing. 3. As with any product derived from biological sources, proper handling procedures should be used.

Forschungsgebiet: Neurologie, Alzheimer-Krankheit (Morbus Alzheimer)

Beschränkungen: Für Forschungszwecke. Als CE-zertifizierter Antikörper in der Europäischen Union für In Vitro Diagnostik (IVD) zugelassen.

Publikationen

Publikationen: Linder, Lundin, Vorma: "Detection of Pneumocystis carinii in lung-derived samples using monoclonal antibodies to an 82 kDa parasite component." in: Journal of immunological methods, Vol. 98, Issue 1, pp. 57-62, 1987 (PubMed).

Barry, Johnson: "Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a review of current issues in diagnosis and management." in: HIV medicine, Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 123-32, 2001 (PubMed).

Wakefield: "Pneumocystis carinii." in: British medical bulletin, Vol. 61, pp. 175-88, 2002 (PubMed).

Stringer, Beard, Miller et al.: "A new name (Pneumocystis jiroveci) for Pneumocystis from humans." in: Emerging infectious diseases, Vol. 8, Issue 9, pp. 891-6, 2002 (PubMed).

Hughes: "Pneumocystis carinii vs. Pneumocystis jiroveci: another misnomer (response to Stringer et al.)." in: Emerging infectious diseases, Vol. 9, Issue 2, pp. 276-7; author reply 277-9, 2003 (PubMed).

Fernandez-Flores: "Positive staining with Congo red in tissues with heat artifact due to cautery." in: Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie, Vol. 50, Issue 2, pp. 203-6, 2009 (PubMed).